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Year 0·Month 8·Week 3

Day 215: Energy, Momentum, and the Poynting Vector

Day 215 of 2,016~18 min read

Learning Objectives

•**Calculate energy density** stored in electric and magnetic fields
•**Apply the Poynting vector** to determine electromagnetic energy flow
•**Derive the Poynting theorem** (conservation of electromagnetic energy)
•**Calculate momentum density** and radiation pressure
•**Analyze practical applications** of radiation pressure (solar sails, optical tweezers)
•**Connect classical EM energy** to photon energy and quantum fluctuations

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